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Ocean waste as fuel?

Chemist and captain join forces to transform plastic ocean waste into valuable fuel
Could ocean waste be used as fuel?

Billions of pounds of plastic waste are littering the world’s oceans. Now, a Ph.D. organic chemist and a sailboat captain report that they are developing a process to reuse certain plastics, transforming them from worthless waste into a valuable diesel fuel with a small mobile reactor.

They envision the technology could some day be implemented globally on land and possibly placed on boats to convert ocean waste plastic into fuel to power the vessels.

‘If we can get people around the world to pick this up and use it to shift waste plastics to fuel and make money, we are winning. We can even eliminate plastic waste before it gets to the oceans by creating value for it locally on a global basis.’

SWAMINATHAN RAMESH
Ecofuel Technologies

‘Killer idea’

A sailor for 40 years, James E. Holm says he has watched the sea and coastline become more and more polluted. His partner, Swaminathan Ramesh, Ph.D., was driven by the desire and excitement of searching for a new ‘killer idea’ with the power to change the world.

‘A few years ago, I was sailing through the Panama Canal, and when I stopped at an island on the Atlantic side, I was stunned by the amount of plastic covering the beach. I thought if I had a chance to do something about it, I should.’

JAMES E. HOLM
Sailor

Ramesh took early retirement in 2005 from BASF after 23 years as a research chemist and began looking for new opportunities. Ramesh formed EcoFuel Technologies and coupled his chemical knowledge with Holm’s concerns about plastic wastes and ocean pollution. In the meantime, Holm had formed Clean Oceans International, a nonprofit organisation.

They sought to optimise a technology that can use waste hydrocarbon-based plastics as a feedstock for valuable diesel fuel. Their goal was to rid the world of plastic waste by creating a market for it.

A useable fuel

For years, Ramesh explains, pyrolysis technologies have been used to break down or depolymerise unwanted polymers, such as plastic wastes, leaving a hydrocarbon-based fuel. But the process usually calls for complex and costly refining steps to make the fuel useable.

Ramesh set out to change the game and developed a metallocene catalyst deposited on a porous support material that, coupled with a controlled pyrolysis reaction, yields diesel fuels directly without further refining. It is also cost-effective on a small scale, runs at lower temperatures and is mobile.

‘The catalyst system also allows us to perform the pyrolysis as a continuous-feed process and shrink the footprint of the whole system. We can scale the capacity to handle anywhere from 200 pounds per 10-hour day to 10,000 or more pounds per 10-hour day. Because of its small size, we also can take the technological process to where the plastic wastes are.’

SWAMINATHAN RAMESH
Ecofuel Technologies

The whole system can fit in a 20-foot shipping container or on the back of a flat-bed truck, Holm says.

The next step, they say, is to show the technology works well and that it can create a useable drop-in diesel fuel. They will soon conduct a demonstration project for the government of the city of Santa Cruz, California. Officials there are interested in implementing the technology to address waste plastics that currently cannot be recycled, as well as to formulate diesel fuel the city can use for its vehicles.

The researchers presented their results at the 253rd National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society (ACS), the world’s largest scientific society.

Click here for more from the 253rd National Meeting & Exposition of the American Chemical Society (ACS).

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